Appendix 1 - Glossary of Terms

Tenant-in-chief	A tenant who held land of the King.
Mesne tenant	An intermediate tenant between the lord of the manor and the tenant-in-chief. Sometimes there was a hierarchy of mesne tenants.
Knight's fee	A fee in land with which a knight was enfeoffed on condition of homage, fealty and 40 days military service a year. A fee varied from 1 hide to 5 hides or more.
Scutage	A money payment in lieu of military service. Usually it was 20 shillings, sometimes 2 marks, a fee per year. (1 mark = 13s 4d. 3 marks = £2)
Honour	A group of manors held by a tenant-in-chief or, rarely, by a mesne tenant, e.g., the Honour of Dundon held by de Beauchamp of the Abbot of Glastonbury. A Barony was much the same as an Honour.
Fine	A "Final Concord" or Agreement concerning the tenure of land ratified and issued by the King's Justices as a final judgement.
Feet of Fines	The Exchequer copies of fines; so called because three copies of a fine were made by the Court, one for each party to the fine and the third copy for the Exchequer, and the Exchequer copy was fastened to the foot of one of the other copies.
Pleas (Placita)	Proceedings of a Judicial Court.
Inquisition	A legal enquiry under competent authority by a jury. The jury had both to know or to find out the facts of the case themselves and to give their finding.
Inquisition post mortem	An inquisition to determine the legally correct and fair distribution of the deceased's estates.
Relief	A tribute paid by an heir to his feudal overlord on succeeding to his inheritance, or by a widow on succeeding to her husband's estates, if she had not been jointly seized with him. A relief was not, however leviable after a wardship.
Aid Auxilium.	A gift or levy paid by a tenant to his overlord on certain occasions, such as the knighting of the overlord's eldest son, or the marriage of his eldest daughter.
Charter	or Carta. A written grant, concession or deed. Also, a written return.
Seisin	in lawful possession of land or house. The significant part of the ceremony of "seisin" was the handing by the feoffor to the feoffee of an emblem of the property such as a piece of turf or a clod of earth.
Disseisin	taken unlawfully or without judgement.

From Puck of Pook' s Hill by Rudyard Kipling

Sir Richard is telling Una and Dan the story of his enfoeffment by de Aquila; Puck is looking on. De Aquila speaks:

"What did I tell thee when I rode away, boy?"

"Hold the Manor or hang," said I. I had never forgotten it.

"True. And thou hast held." He clambered from his saddle and with his sword's point cut out a turf from the bank and gave it me where I kneeled.

Dan looked at Una, and Una looked at Dan.

"That's seizin", said Puck, in a whisper.

"Now thou art lawfully seized of the Manor, Sir Richard," said he - 'twas the first time he ever called me that - "thou and thy heirs for ever. This must serve till the King's clerks write out thy title on a parchment. England is all ours-if only we can hold it."

"What service shall I pay?" I asked, and I remember I was proud beyond words.

"Knight's fee, boy, knight's fee!" said he....